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动物庄园多少字

发布时间:2022-05-30 16:07:21

‘壹’ 求 动物庄园 读后感 要5000字啊 老师很变态的 跪求

《动物庄园》读后感

《动物庄园》是乔治·奥威尔的着名中篇小说,最初知道这本书是在高中历史书里,被其简介所迷,一直想看但都因自己懒惰加上被很多外国文学书的文风影响,对外国文学一向是敬而远之,以至于几年过去了仍和《动物庄园》缘悭一面。
今年开了外国文学课,要交读书笔记,可怜我只看了半部《儿子与情人》、三分之一的《生命不能承受之轻》、五分之一的《了不起的盖茨比》、十分之一的《堂吉诃德》、几十页的《飘》,真的是写不出来什么读书笔记,想来想去,唯一看过的一本全本的外国文学书便要算初中时看的《鲁宾逊漂流记》了,但那时只是看热闹,并不明白书中的勇于冒险、奋斗不屈的精神,而且隔了这么多年,情节也早就忘的七七八八了,要拿这本书写的话还真个是无从下笔。不得已只好找一本书来看,全当是应付差事,哎,希望老师不要鄙夷我这种行径,我真的是对外国文学没多大的热情。
虽然是抱着应付的心思,当初也对老师要交读书笔记一事颇有微词,但是现在看来,老师这个举措无疑是好的,虽然“逼”我读自己不喜欢读的书,但幸好有《动物庄园》,找了好久外国文学书,经过一番筛选,终于定下这本,看完之后深觉不虚此看,心里小小的感谢了一下老师,如果不是她的要求,在可以预见的未来数十年或许来我都不会读到这本书了,那这就真是个遗憾了。
书中的故事并不复杂,在一个名叫曼纳的庄园里,养着各种各样的动物,一天晚上,在动物里颇具威望的老雄猪麦哲召集所有动物开会,宣扬它的革命思想,号召所有动物进行反抗,以改变动物们被奴役、被宰杀的命运,动物不能再遭受剥削,要奋起驱逐人类,过上自己当家作主的幸福自由的生活。老麦哲给动物们讲了一个它才做过的梦,那是一个动物消灭了人类并且过上了梦寐以求的幸福生活的梦,它还教会了动物们一首失传已久的歌《英格兰兽》,以激发动物们的革命热情和革命信心。歌词是这样的:
英格兰兽,爱尔兰兽,
普天之下的兽,
倾听我喜悦的佳音,
倾听那金色的未来。

那一天迟早要到来,
暴虐的人类终将消灭,
富饶的英格兰大地,
将只留下我们的足迹。

我们的鼻中不再扣环,
我们的背上不再配鞍,
蹶子、马刺会永远锈蚀
不再有残酷的鞭子噼啪抽闪。

那难以想象的富裕生活,
小麦、大麦、干草、燕麦
苜宿、大豆还有甜菜,
那一天将全归我侪。

那一天我们将自由解放,
阳光普照英格兰大地,
水会更纯净,
风也更柔逸。

哪怕我们活不到那一天,
但为了那一天我们岂能等闲,
牛、马、鹅、鸡
为自由务须流血汗。

英格兰兽、爱尔兰兽,
普天之下的兽,

倾听我喜悦的佳音,
倾听那金色的未来。

年迈的雄猪麦哲在完会后三天去世了,但它的革命理念却在动物中流传开来,革命的急先锋是它们中最为聪明的猪,它们积极为革命做宣传,做了大量工作,猪里面最杰出聪明的两头猪斯诺鲍和拿破仑成为了革命的主将和领袖。
不久后,在一次及其偶然的冲突中,动物们发动了起义,原来的剥削者农场主被赶走,庄园里只剩下了动物,动物们当家做主了,它们建立了自己的家园,属于人类所有的曼纳庄园不复存在,取而代之的是动物庄园。
猪理所当然的成为了动物庄园的头领和管理者,盖因为它们最聪明,它们觉得自己义不容辞的肩负有管理庄园的责任,当然,其它动物们也这样认为,一致的拥护认同它们。猪率先学会了人类的文字,学会了人类的科技,并指导其他动物进行学习,可惜的是,由于智力缺陷,很多动物根本就学不会人类的知识,比如那匹勤劳踏实的马儿鲍克瑟,先学会了abcd,再学efgh的就又忘了abcd,无奈它只好选择只学abcd四个字母,并且不间断的背诵以使自己不忘记。理所当然的,猪成了庄园里命令的发出者,斯诺鲍和拿破仑宣布了动物庄园的第一部“宪法”——七诫。然后动物们开始努力劳动,为生存和发展而奋斗。
在最初的管理工作里,在开大会时,如果两位领导兽一致同意、没有争议,那么这就是一次和谐而完美的会议,其它动物头脑简单,谁跟它说它就觉得谁是对的,而从未有过自己的提议,若两兽同时跟它说它会觉得两者都对,会同时投赞成票。但是,两位最高领导兽拿破仑和斯诺鲍在革命成功后成为了死对头,“但显而易见,他们两个一直合不来,无论其中一个建议什么,另一个就准会反其道而行之。甚至对已经通过的议题,比如把果园后面的小牧场留给年老体衰的动物,这一个实际上谁都不反对的议题,他们也是同样如此。”斯诺鲍能言善辩,擅长演讲,它的话很有说服力,能使绝大多数的动物信服,而拿破仑则是一个阴谋家,善于玩弄政治,培养了一些忠实的拥护者,奸猾的它用一个光明正大的理由把刚断奶的九个狗崽子弄到了它那里,明地里说是“教育要从娃娃抓起”,暗里却偷偷把这些狗锻炼成了忠实的打手“狗腿子”,培养成了自己的私人武装。等这些杀手狗腿子成长起来以后,拿破仑知道自己机会到了,在一次会议中,聪明而卓越有见识的斯诺鲍提出的修建风车的观点得到了几乎所有的动物的赞成,而拿破仑看到此景颇为尴尬,眼看就要一败涂地,它及时的发动了自己的武装力量,九条恶狗冲了出来,欲置斯诺鲍与死地,斯诺鲍无奈拼命逃出了庄园,在九条狗的震慑下,拿破仑登上大宝,成为独裁者,在另一头口齿伶俐善于欺骗群兽的猪斯奎拉的游说下,动物们傻愣愣的接受了这个现实,未产生一点不满,未发生一起暴乱。马儿鲍克瑟在自己的座右铭“我要更加努力工作”后又加了一条格言以作补充:“拿破仑同志永远正确”。
拿破仑通过九狗和斯奎拉这一威胁一欺骗这两种手段建立了自己的统治,然后颠倒黑白把斯诺鲍污蔑为坏蛋、剽窃者、破坏者、阴谋家、叛徒,极力的宣扬自己,一步步走上神坛,把自己打造成了一个英明神武睿智老练的领袖,一个能带领群兽们过上美好幸福生活的神。在狗和斯奎拉这一硬一软两种武器的胁迫下,动物们被动接受了拿破仑的种种行径,拿破仑开始过上人类的生活,开始了享受,它篡改七诫,一步步加强自己的统治,动物们但有微词便被屠杀,在血腥的杀戮中建立了自己的淫丄威,它让动物们相信以前根本没有什么七诫,它废除了歌唱《英格兰兽》的传统,改为歌唱美好的新生活,动物们的一切须唯伟大领袖拿破仑之命是从,拿破仑同志永远正确,拿破仑成了“动物之父”、“人类克星”,动物们所有的成就都要归功于拿破仑,且用一首诗来歌颂拿破仑,诗名:“拿破仑同志”。

孤儿之至亲!
辛福之源泉!
赐给食料的的恩主!
您双目坚毅沉静
如日当空,
仰着看您
啊!我满怀激情
拿破仑同志!

是您赐予
您那众生灵所期求之一切
每日两餐饱食
还有那洁净的草垫
每个动物不论大小
都在窝棚中平静歇睡
因为有您在照看
拿破仑同志!

我要是有头幼崽
在他长大以前
哪怕他小得像奶瓶、像小桶
他也应学会
用忠诚和老实待您
放心吧
他的第一声尖叫肯定是
“拿破仑同志!”

动物们的生活每况愈下,从开始的不如刚革命的自由时期,到不如革命前受人类统治时期,到最后的抛洒血汗饥肠辘辘,而高高在上的独裁者拿破仑却一点一点的享受起了至尊待遇,睡柔软舒适的大床,吃丰盛的大餐,喝威士忌酒,享有所有的母猪,它用群兽的血汗喂饱了自己,它开始学人类用两条腿走路,和人类做生意,共同剥削压迫动物们,成为了万恶的邪魔。
最后,拿破仑成为了“人”,动物们从猪看到人,再从人看到猪,“但他们已分不出谁是猪,谁是人了。”
《动物庄园》是一篇政治寓言小说,隐喻的写了革命的发生、发展以及革命的变质、革命的被背叛和残酷的革命斗争。我隐约记得它是在写斯大林时期的苏联,书中反映着苏联的变化,斯大林统治之后,特权阶级诞生,劳动人民生活困苦,斯大林曾经为了排除异己,展开了血腥的大清洗运动,加上他国内国际上的政策失误,使苏联作为社会主义国家遭到严重破坏,几乎与真正的社会主义国家背道而驰,马列主义被篡改,统治者越来越腐化,苏联最后和资本主义妥协,背叛了人民和社会主义。
看着书,它的情节时常让我联想到现实,一开始的麦哲,宣传自己的革命理想,不禁让我想到马克思、列宁、孙中山这些人,致力于开民智,宣传革命,撒播革命种子,虽然自己没能看到革命的成功,却开革命之滥觞,给后来者留下无穷的希望。
“拿破仑同志永远正确!”,这让我想到两个凡是,“凡是毛主席说的都是对的,凡是毛主席的指示我们必须坚决执行。”而鲍克瑟,岂不正是当年我们国家忠诚老实却又愚昧的劳苦大众同胞?
拿破仑赶走斯诺鲍,将它宣传成反派、叛徒,看到这,我想到刘丄少奇,他也是被这样污蔑过,每一个阵营都不免有相互倾轧争权夺利的事情发生,都忘却了当初革命时的众志成城,也不管他们的初衷是为了美好未来,有难可以同当,有福却不能共享,真是人性的悲哀呐!
而拿破仑残杀异己的行为则让我想到我们国家一段耻辱且难以忘怀的历史——文化大革命。四人帮作威作福,人民但有半点反对意见便遭无情打杀,这种恶性,和拿破仑这头猪没有半点区别。中国人民前仆后继流血牺牲,以为能换来个自己当家作主的美好世界,没想到却被一群高高在上擅耍阴谋的猪无情摆弄,狠狠地践踏着。

书中我们可以看到议会制和君主专制各自的弊端。议会制由于存在代表不同阶级利益的个政党而相互攻击,相互作对,一个赞成另一个必然反对,是单纯的为反对而反对,而不去管其实质意义。而君主专制的弊端更是无庸赘述,当个人意志上升为国家意志,这是可怕的,君主站在金字塔的顶端,千千万万的民众被其踩在脚下完全没有自己做主的权利,人民沦为被奴役的对象。
书中描绘了一个美好的革命理想是如何一步步被糟践的,由美好到残酷只不过那几步。当一个社会群体民智低下,每个个体都缺乏独立思考和判断的能力,任人糊弄,那么体制再好也是徒然,一个民丄主国家会被少数别有用心的人所把持,以国家机器来满足自己不断膨胀的私欲,将极个别人的意志上升到国家层面。当权力失去了约束,那么权力将变成少数人的权力,他们将凌驾于法律和人民之上,肆意妄为。
就像在建国初期一样,民众智力不足,科学技术落后,领导说什么就是什么,“拿破仑同志永远正确”,没有基本判断力的人民只会盲目跟随领导者,唯领导之命是从,结果上演了一出大炼钢铁赶超英美的闹剧,沦为笑料。
当能力和权力不匹配,那么权力也就无所谓权力,只会成为某些人利用的工具。
专职制度里的统治者从来不希望人民有知识,希望人民越无知越愚昧越好,要是只能重复简单的口号那就再完美不过了,盖因为民众一但有了知识就容易独立思考,产生判断力,不会盲目顺从独裁者的统治。比如树立一个假想敌,利用民众的恐惧来不断扩大自己手中的权力,在这本书里,斯诺鲍不幸成为了这个假想敌,成为了拿破仑欺压动物的借口。那些具有独立思想的知识分子总是会受到迫害,因为他们能够戳穿统治者编造的谎言。在中国,这类迫害比比皆是。就这样,早期的革命理想和共同纲领被不断篡改,统治者利用铺天盖地的宣传和人民的无知来巩固统治,人民在虚幻的荣誉感中进一步丧失自身为数不多的思考能力和独立人格,人一旦不再思考就会被口号带动而义无反顾,彻彻底底的沦为统治者的牲畜而不自知,用血汗铸就君主的金碧辉煌。
《动物庄园》让我们明白,有独立人格、思考能力和责任心的个体是保证整个社会体制公平公正运转的基础保证,当个体对于涉及到自己切身利益的决策不能做出深入的思考分析,权衡利弊,那么社会公平也就无所谓有无了,集体利益就会变成个人决策。社会个体是人,任何制度都是由人去运作,如果人没有一定的能力,那么再好的制度都不过是空中楼阁。举个例子,以“拿破仑”为领导的社会主义国度和以唐太宗为皇帝的封建国家相比,哪一个会发展的更好呢,答案不问可知。
我们国家的人民代表大会制度不可谓不好,但由于参与的人缺乏判断和具体执行过程中的谬误,导致我们的选举成为了文明社会里一个不大不小的笑料。所谓选举,要么只有一个候选人,要么在选举前就被或暗示或明示要选某某,这让公民手里的选举权成为空权,成为了对宪法法律无情的嘲笑。
当知识不被重视,政治不被关心,大众把一切事物交给政府,任权力驱使,沉迷于八卦娱乐,埋头为金钱房子劳心,那么专制将不再远,人民离鲍克瑟也不远了:身上的价值被榨取的涓滴不剩,直至死亡而不自知。
“所有动物一律平等,但有些动物比其他动物更平等”,我希望这样的事情在我们国家能够得到改善,希望我们的民丄主更进一步,不再有人上人,真正践行人人平等,没有特权阶级,所有人都享有同样的权利,彻底消灭人吃人。
《动物庄园》这本书并不长,不过区区五万余字,读完之后不由得感慨丛生。书中对情节发展的把握和众生相的描写十分到位,具体且深刻,在书里,我们可以毫不费力的为现实中的人物找到对应的形象。作者对社会性的描写也非常精辟,对平均主义和集权主义的的解析也是洞若观火相当透彻。
作为一名文学爱好者的我来说,乔治·奥威尔先生仅用五万余字便写出如此发人深省的大作,不得不让人心折,我是由衷的赞佩。

‘贰’ 动物庄园

影射的是当时斯大林时代的苏联。二十世纪三十年代,斯大林在国内国际上的政策失误。虽然点打着民主的招牌,斯大林却为排除异己所发动的残酷的大清洗使无数忠诚的革命者死于无辜。而实质是;斯大林的作法是对社会主义的破坏,而且会使“苏联与真正的社会主义背道而驰”,而我们真正应该做的是“为了反抗专制,捍卫民主社会主义”。

‘叁’ 求《动物庄园》(aniaml farm)的英文读后感,速度!

"Animal Farm" Du Hougan

Recently had the honour on the recommendation of the teacher read "Animal Farm" This good book. Said fortunate, because I was normal in this area do not pay attention to the books, of course, this does not mean that I am not interested in such books. But that in general are in the position I read some of my professional and closely related to some books, because I have been reading to pursue the "intensive reading" Intensive and professional-related master's classic masterpiece. Therefore, if the recommendation of the teacher if not, I am afraid to have the opportunity to read this book, it seems that at this time, I had to teachers to Liu, "The Sound of extremely grateful." Call it a good book, this is certainly no question about that. Because, since this book was born on the date in the world has aroused strong Fanxiang, and with the lofty rating. Therefore, I regard it as a rare look at the books, is in line with reality. Should perhaps say: "" Animal Farm "is good book, the Earth will know that!"

Of course, I say it, and some people have to ask: "Since you so respected this book, then you should be noted that where it Fortunately, where the Miao." Indeed, if I can not answer this question, to a large extent I will be all summed up as "echoed its views" bad role. Frankly, I do not want this person can become the people with ideology, although I just read the Qianchangzhe again, but I still have to "打肿脸充胖子" Shuaxiao a return or to "pig Zhu Ba-jie Dai Yanjing posing as students "Hu You 1. So in this comparison" Wochuo "the idea of the role, I think it is necessary to write this one Duhou Gan. In fact Shuilaishuiqu also be a reading attitude! Saint Cloud; "listen to his words and his deeds letter, in the Jin Wu people, listening to his words and watch his actions." In my personal view, the phrase used in this study should think so; "Reading did not study. Do not read books. Does not lie in your mouth that Reading did not read. Can not see. But you understood how much. Read this The number, have their own unique perspective. And their views reflect the best way is associated with the Du Hougan. A statement to the Pi - "did not write to write Du Hougan attitude is the only school testing standards." This is; "Listen to his words and watching his deeds" attitude of the study. Of course, this is only my personal view, as we can not get the recognition, then a different matter. But this freedom of expression in a democratic society, has "greatly Right to freedom of expression, "I said so is the bar may not be sinners. At least I said these are not reactionary remarks of this kind! Bad as long as this does not meet the state, today I say these words even if we were in The bottom of my heart, with special contempt, special sarcastic attitude to criticism, I do not fear the because I did not break the law, no one I can not take!

Also chat so much, should be entering a theme, such Youzai Tour Zai readers and viewers are probably the Zouguang. (To tell the truth, I was heading for his Lianshangtiejin, because my readers and viewers in the present and the future for a long period of time will be only one person, and this is my own). So I more or less扯desalination. More points on the Mexican and now have to start writing this Du Hougan Yibanyiyan of the main part!

Leaving aside the idea of this book depth and practical significance Xianbu Tan, I think that attracted me the most is the author beyond the imagination of ordinary people. Can actually occurred in real life, the human transplanted to various animals, terrible! Surprise to be able to describe Rumusanfen. Peacekeepers Miao Wei Xiao, admire! Can actually do in the community to expose the phenomenon of pain does not give people a kind of Itching feeling, people can not grasp your Xiaobian Zi, which is too Youcai! Anyway on a word, I am the author of this imaginative genius like Superman, I admire the vote of five to. All but can not pay homage to face A 1,10! At this point, I inadvertently opened a trailer grams. Bougainville's "On the American democracy," and he once again enjoy a democratic society literature on the development of some brilliant insights. Also in the process, I Ruoyousuosi, if the Jones……

"In a democratic society, like the material pleasures, to improve the situation of mutual competition, and other psychological desire Machenggong, as a Zhuizi in stimulating people did not have to step in for their own cause by Baoding, but not their Xu Yu left this cause. People's main energy, are used in this area has. Imagination has not been eliminated, but it could have imagined the things is almost out of the practical things, and it can reproce what is almost a reality East and West. Equality is not only made people underestimate the ideal description, but also narrow the characterization of such targets should be the scope. "- Delaying grams. Bougainville

For <<Animal Farm>> this book, I think as long as a bit of good grounding in literature who can see that this book is in animals by exposing the actions of human reality it. In my personal opinion, taking into account the author's creative background and creativity - World War II, I dare to speculate, by the author in this book irony. Flogging at the time, "Nazism" and "socialism." As for why I Chuci Yan in the end I, in my next course of the narrative will give you a clear answer. Now if you told me this view of the still undecided, the first of it as I am a "hypothesis"! But at least no doubt that the authors in this process is deeply reflect real problem, but means much more sophisticated. Now we have a basic consensus, and this is George. Orwellian are on a unique perspective of examining the social, and the genius of imagination and ugly social reality ingenious combination, complement each other, bright. Now we look at further drag grams. Bougainville this description - "imagination is not eliminated, but it could have imagined the things is almost out of the practical things, and it can reproce what is almost a reality thing. Equality Not only made people underestimate the ideal description, but also narrow the characterization of such targets should be the scope. " We actually surprised that the two are so anastomosis, really, "Xing Xing of the note". "Heroes see amenable to the idea." In fact, we then enlarge the perspective that our own vision-open, we will find in a broad array of Western classical masterpiece, all have strong flashes of such "realism" spirit, or "humanism" sentiments. Zakai from the darkness of the Middle Ages to the Age of Enlightenment era of the knowledge economy of today, this spirit, this sentiment has continued, has been distributed to youth and vitality. When we look back to Zhuigen fundamental reason for the time, we will only find the answer and only one, that is - "throughout the West to end a democratic society." Because of democracy, have a Rousseau, Marx these gifted thinkers of the world created by the Che-hung chapter masterpiece, as a democracy, only the <<Notre Dame de Paris >>,<<基督山伯爵>> these Handed down the Kuangshimingpian. Democracy for these gifted thinker and writer has provided a pure sky, so that the wisdom of Emmanuel, thinking of the spark as much carpet of blooming, enjoy the driving!

Western superiority of the political environment created by a large number of far-reaching impact on future generations giant of the times, these giant standing history Zhigao Dian, with sharp and deep look at our world. In particular, let us awe is: freedom and democracy in the West, these gifted thinkers can use their most sharp Bifeng to flogging at the time when the reality of the world, and no reason in the course of the narrative sometimes mixed with Bizarre, let us They were all the imagination of Superman and Paianjiaojue. This is the democratic era of the style of writing, just as drag grams. Bougainville has said, "imagination has not been eliminated, but it could have imagined the things is almost out of the practical things and the things it can reproce the reality of things is almost . " This reality is close to saturation culvert imaginative style of writing, I was very respected.

At this point, I would like to talk about my style of writing on China's views and artistic atmosphere, of course, I am here is to criticize our great motherland has. In fact, people now often say, "Now is really the brains of young people so that bad, now our country国泰民安. The situation is excellent, even the foreigners say" I love china ", why do we have to Chongyangmeiwai» Is the West the moon Really than the east circle »I can not see in! Therefore, in life, young people still have to look at the highlights of our times, and more to talk about the good of our socialist society." Complain too much anti-Duanchang "them ! Young people do not cynical, dry point and more practical, more praise of the great People's Republic of China that we will not be dead ah! " Indeed, I criticized their own motherland, to some extent, failed national integrity, but if everyone not dare say the truth, are not telling the truth, then what is our nation's future? » True to the "emperor's new clothes" that point, I think our country has almost finished! So here I learn a Taiwanese writer Bo Yang, the Chinese people will continue to ugly criticism in the end. Of course, in which the role of radical sentiments, I would inevitably exaggerate the facts, to some "unwarranted" Shi Penzi dection on our people. So you please Zhang wisdom of the eyes, I try to find the irregularities, I criticized the Chinese people after me to continue this "reactionary. Ugly" Chinese people thrown to the ground. However, I hope that we will not completely negative, because I think I awarded by the inverted these phenomena we really耳濡目染. A common, so from this point of view, I am not free with no drama, not invented, but factual. Only criticism is not yet ripe on the heat, unable to accurately grasp the essence of the issue, leading to only a certain degree of distortion.

In the show that I have these views, I can finally speak their minds by now. Even back Maming I also recognize, as I have done the most to you a lengthy description. If you or Buyiburao, that I really had no way. Get started now critical! Mentioned the West has continued to today's most perfect style of writing, and to indicate my own fresh point of view - very respected! Now I would like to talk about our era, China is the style of writing and artistic atmosphere of the situation.

We now have stressed the need to build a harmonious culture. That good! Since we emphasize harmony, it is natural and has a culture of tolerance it. Another argument, which is what the cultural ideology we must have, what kind of culture we have to engage. Because that is the essence of harmony "and different"! Since the day we are called Nang harmony, then it must surely you must have Kuangda mind, all-inclusive breadth of it. But the reality is that I said this? » Is not! As we engage in cultural construction, we are always in to the "pursue the theme" the tone of letting go. In this thinking under the influence, we find that such a truth - not at the main theme of socialism is the only test standard literary works. Thus, even if you write an article to the humor. To reality. As long as you一不小心exposed so that a slight, in his view is contrary to the social reality of the so-called "mistakes" and immediately put to you was "anachronistic melody," Gao Maozi, you will fight a stick Chen Shui-bian, Killed. And what is the main theme? » In their view is to glorify Taipingshengshi, sing socialism, and Yang is to vigorously core of the revolutionary spirit of the times of war. I admit that in our socialist such a big country, we really need to pay attention to the ideological and cultural construction, we should vigorously to build a socialist core value system. Because of ideological problems are the most terrifying than Osama bin Laden also bin Laden. If the ideological think about the 1.3 billion Chinese people are not a consensus, that is to say that we are terrorists in terms of ideology, not everyone is Ma Jiajue, the community also can not Luantao! So for our country to vigorously strengthen the socialist ideological and cultural aspects of the building I do not oppose, I do not agree with this is the "official culture" grasping the dead too. Pipe is too strict!

Take the video for it. I turn on the TV, film on the war from the face of overwhelming. I do not understand, Lane, in a peaceful era we shoot so many war films doing ah » Our China is not saying that to build a harmonious world? » But in China the film. Sowing big war films, this is it not ill-» If foreigners do not know that you are pursued by China's independent foreign policy of peace, then people really think you China is a country of military hegemony? » Of course, make so many war films is also very necessary. But I did not say these words, some experts is the official said. In their view, make war films, war films sowing purpose is to let our young people remember history and to understand that today's happy life is hard. But no one dare say that they are doing this, they have no other a conspiracy, it is a glorification of truth - only the Communist Party can save China. So I say that they are those that are not relevant to the subject of the Che Dan, in their eyes This is the ultimate goal.

It must be pointed out is that I was not here in the criticism of our great party, telling the truth I have not the slightest mean that, I can swear to God. Oh, no, we should vow to Marxism to the one that I am innocent. Everyone must recognize that we, the Chinese Communist Party in China in modern history did for our entire Chinese nation has made great achievements shine through the ages, it really is the truth - the Communist Party, there would be no new China. But I was in the above named Road to the criticism of the theme we carry forward the practice is not to say that we should not engage in this area of construction, to incite people to forget our party's great. But that we do in this area has too. In other words, is that we value this respect too, and consciously and unconsciously, in the course of the neglected genre of other forms of cultural development, and even to some extent directly or indirectly to suppress the other form of art Development and growth.

So we can see that in a number of major cultural awards show, like the so-called "spiritual civilization construction of a five Project Award", "Golden Rooster" and "Hundred Flowers" and a series of film festival, the type of work with the Award Is the greatest probability » Is promoting the theme of this kind. Such as "Liang Jian", "the Eighth Route Army" ah, "Ren Changxia," "lanes Prime Minister". Indeed in many of these works in the boutique, Take "Liang Jian", bar, is very much like my own! To be fair, is a good drama, whether it is from the story or the characters can be said that the shape is perfect. But I have to ask a 1,10 » This and the extent to which we linked to the realities of life? » I Youmei life in that war years, I know how hard it's that time » We are not saying that practice is the sole criterion for testing truth? » I think, ah, if we do not have the life experiences ring the war years, I can not believe you said in the TV series in all, at least not the whole letter. Who knows you in the process of film drama did not exaggerate the reality ah » Even if you do a fake, telling the truth no one knows it » In that era who now lives in the 1980s and an estimated age of the bar, say Taibu Jing, it is not shared, there is early to report back to Marxism, and now Who can say clearly that part of history? » After all, is a confused account, all of us in this way you were Hu You!

Shuilaishuiqu in fact, that is to say, these works out of our lives this reality. We Health in the 21st century, you more than the whole point of our lives and works closely related to the same! You know why South Korea's such a drama? Fire » There is no particular reason for this is that these works with other people's reality, to reality ah! In fact, we Chinese people can also make such a drama, ah, why such a big market in China to allow it to the occupation of the tiny South Korea »these people that we are not patriotic such, I think they are the most unpatriotic. That's not good that these people are still out-and-out traitors!放着make the country a drama of such a major event,不干a good thing, but to the whole Narita some very distant from us very distant war films, such a big cake to give foreigners eat, this is not the act of buying and traitor What are »

Of course, I said very radical, it is inevitable that people can not stand. In fact, the war-appropriate film is very necessary, is the so-called "history as a mirror, is Yi Guan"! But will shoot so many people Daowei Kou. To be honest, do not break the story on so few? » It is necessary to disruption to disruption? » But China's modern history we have learned from the primary University, who did not know the Jinggang Mountains, the Yan'an ah » Who does not know that the Sino-Japanese War, the War of Liberation ah » Even the Chinese are Huhutaishui, you suddenly he was called up to him to answer some of the war years, he is absolutely Daobeiruliu, the word is not charged. It seems to me, ah, Dieniang birthday can not know, but the birth of the Communist Party certainly know that. That these simply want to say is, ah, we have to our revolutionary history has been very understanding, the official would not be necessary again engage in so much of the publicity. To do so much, really is费力不讨好, even in the strokes were scolded.

But in my view, in the future for a long period of time, our government is the main theme will be to build a culture of the key cultural construction. That is to say they will vigorously to eulogize the spirit of revolution and vigorously extol Taipingshengshi. In this process, or will ignore a true reflection of our social conditions related to the cultural style of the building. To be honest, we Chinese are in a transition stage, how can you be that there are no problems, no conflicts? » In my view, our modern complex inner world is a great genre! Our vulnerable groups is a good description of the object! Migrant workers so many stories do not have a good-looking, and this unreasonable it » But we do not like the culture is concerned about the reality, that is like archaeology, like retro. Even if the writing is the reality, always more or less divorced from reality, always报喜不报忧, Jianhaojiushou. Here, I am reminded of the Po Yang, in "ugly Chinese," a book by exposing the Chinese people a fatal weakness - fear of telling the truth, Sibu admit! As we agree this point of view, it all by themselves slowly to find it.

To be mad is the case, these are just my reading "Animal Farm" by the thinking part, in fact, I still have many ideas, but not only written material. Saying this out, I know you will think that I am very proud of these people. However, Confucius is not talked about it » "I do not know who is not a problem, and also to know." The translation, that is to say a person is not afraid of other people do not know, the key is to let others should have the ability to know you. I think I was relatively Taoren Yan evil, and we do not like to discuss, this is my love Xian,张狂act created the Evil! Not to say nonsense, since it has said that, should not have said that now, to let everyone on the Zouxia Tai collective trial on me!

‘肆’ 动物庄园读后感

昨天晚上花了大约2个小时看完了乔治.奥威尔的《动物农场》,话说回来吾这个人就是这样,越是忙,就越希望画点时间静下来看看书。《动物农场》非常薄,加上吾本身看书就很快,于是很快就把它看完了,这时候吾倒是有点后悔那么快就看完了它,这本很薄很薄的小说还是需要多花点时间来品位,看一段,停一停,想一想。不过我想往后,我大约会隔一段时间就把它拿出来再读一下,温故而知新。

对这本书和作者都算是慕名已久,买回家垫书橱也有了蛮长时间,我想要不是我最近精神处在相当不稳定的状态,估计这本书还会被吾束之高阁很久。想想我大概有几百年没写过读书笔记了,想想自己以前记的日记,虽然现在看来可能内容很幼稚,不过到底记录的是吾的真情实感,还是平时的一些读书感想之类了。果然人有了一些想法之后,还是要及时记录下来的比较好,否则也许就有很多小小的灵感的火花,就这么从脑子里溜走了。话说吾现在看吾以前记的看霹雳时候的笔记,虽然大部分都是吐槽,不过有些话吾还是蛮惊讶居然是从吾的嘴里说出来的OTL

好了,扯远了,拽回来。先是照旧来简介一下奥威尔这本书,有一个农场里的动物,天天都为农场主干活,但是得到的报酬却很少,可以果腹而已。有一天一头老公猪(老少校)把它们召集起来,告诉它们你们应该站起来反抗农场主,应该得到自由的生活。动物们都群情激愤,个个摩拳擦掌,唱着革命的歌曲《英格兰的生灵》,想象着赶走农场主,想象着以后的好日子。革命很快并且很轻易地成功了,后来又发生了一场“牛棚战役”,奠定了革命的果实,动物农场建立,并且颁布了《七戒》,成为农场的法律。庄园有两只猪雪球和拿破仑作为领导者。但是不久拿破仑用它养的9只凶悍的狼犬(一时间吾想到了八津蛮= =)赶走了雪球,并在以后的时间把所有的罪责都推到他身上,把它宣传成农场的敌人。最后猪们成了农场的领导阶级,变得跟以前的农场主一样,甚至更凶残,而从前的七戒从无数次地偷偷修改,最后只剩下最后一条“所有动物一律平等,但有些动物比其他动物更平等”。最后小说在人与猪的脸逐渐切换与逐渐混淆不清中进入尾声。

说实在的,看赫胥黎的《美妙的新世界》,吾是感到一股从脚底窜出来的寒意,虽然当时吾可能并不明白也说不清楚那种感觉到底是什么,但总觉得很恐怖,跟看恐怖小说完全不同的那种更真实的恐怖。而看奥威尔的《动物农场》,则是先觉得好笑,又觉得心酸,最后觉得很悲哀。吾很清楚这本书是作者影射苏联写出来的,不过……笑……却简直是为中国,尤其是某一段时期的中国量身订做的……

于是来说几个印象比较深刻的动物……

首先是老少校,一般认为老少校隐喻的是列宁,我这里可以认为在中国可以投射到民国时期所有的革命先驱。说起来的,吾看书的时候真的很不HD地想,如果没有老少校出来告诉大家,其实我们可以有更好的生活,那就算每天只能得到仅仅可以果腹的口粮,那些动物大概也会觉得日子是可以过下去的吧……就好像从前无数个朝代的无数民众一样,除非日子是真的难堪到不造反就要饿死的地步,否则他们是绝对不会去造反的……这点上我国的普通老百姓的韧性真的是惊人的,实在是太惊人了……

我在豆瓣上看到不少评论,有人看了《动物农场》以后觉得政治真的是个很黑暗很龌龊很糟糕的东西,于是得出结论这玩意儿要不得,其实我觉得这是跟作者想传达的东西相悖了。我自己试着用杨威利的观点来看,从作者的背景和自己的理解来看,首先作者想要抨击的是集权社会的黑暗和弊端,这点是毋庸置疑的。但是作者并没有说政治就是坏的,实际上从本质来说,政治就是政治,没什么好和坏,好和坏的属性是人让政治染上的,不干政治什么事。而集权主义为什么是坏的,因为它让权力被集中在一个人或者某一特定阶层的手中。用田中的说法,一个人或者某一特定阶层,当它握有了绝对权力的时候,变质是必然的,无论当权的是拿破仑还是雪球,无论这个人或者阶层曾经是多么英明。绝对的权利导致绝对的腐化,这是历史的铁律。而为什么会产生集权呢,就好像小小的杨问父亲“既然鲁道夫大帝那么坏,为什么人民还会把权力交到他的手上呢”,杨爸爸回答“因为民众是懒惰的”。是啊,因为人民永远都会期盼一个英雄来带领着他们走向美好的新世界,他们不必思考,不必负责任,反正跟着英雄走就对了嘛。没有了老少校,还会有雪球,没了雪球还会有拿破仑,没了拿破仑谁知道是谁呢,反正总会有个人来带领大家,虽然日子很苦,至少权利是属于每个动物的,每个动物都是自由的,都是为了自己工作的。走错了路,反正错误是领导犯的嘛,跟自己没关系,打倒一个再拥护一个就够了嘛。所以说,民众和英雄是互相牺牲的,在《动物农场》里主要表现民众被领导牺牲,在霹雳和银英里主要表现英雄被民众牺牲。

再回到《动物农场》说,农场里的动物,有的很笨,像拳击手,连26个字母都认不全,所以他们的知情权被垄断了。总有一个人来告诉他们(在小说中是一只叫吱嘎的猪),你们多么愚蠢,“上面”的人做的决定都是为了全农场的动物着想,但是你们那单纯的脑瓜无法理解他们伟大的构想,所以你们只要跟着拿破仑就对了,拿破仑都是为你们好。于是这时候我们能用心理学的观点来看一下,虽然说拿破仑颁布的一些条规,还有吱嘎说的增加了多少多少产量的数据,很多动物都觉得不对劲,但是他们最终还是觉得自己的感觉是错的,拿破仑的感觉才是对的,于是他们就不再反抗(嘛,狼犬的牙也不容他们反抗),继续乖乖做着升斗小民,虽然供应的粮食还是越来越少……这里,这些动物是将拿破仑赋予他们的感觉,代替了他们自己的感觉,因为他们太笨了,所以他们的感觉就是不对的,拿破仑聪明,所以他的感觉才是对的。但心理学上讲,无论怎样,别人的感觉无法代替你的,你觉得食物少了就是少了,不会因为你笨食物就多出来,因为你自己的感觉永远都是最正确最能反映你真实需求的。其他人(动物),即使他再聪明,再为你好,他也不应该,更不可能代替你的感觉。

于是这边就来说到一个以前经常提到的问题,民主和素质。在中国,永远不会缺少这样一种声音,“在中国不能搞民主,因为中国人的素质还达不到那个高度”,那么好,提高素质靠什么呢,答,靠教育。那我们的教育给了我们什么呢,答,奴性。说句不好听的,我们的国家,古往今来,一直到现在,2000多年都在传授什么,答,顺从。于是,有垮掉的80后,90后,我们的民族性和素质不但没有进步,甚至还在倒退。(再说句实话,如果我是皇帝,我也不希望我的臣民太聪明。)嗯,于是,我们的笨脑瓜,还是无法理解伟大领袖的伟大构想,民主么,自然是不能搞,就只能更加紧密地跟随在党的领导下,就像4个小星星围绕在党的大星星周围。为啥不能是大星星围绕小星星呢?没办法,咱太笨了,还是一切跟从拿破仑同志的脚步为好。

在中国,这是一个永恒的恶性循环。当然有无数人跟我说,“民主不是万能的”,西方国家也有各种各样的问题。这是必然的,因为根本就没有一种制度是万能,在承认这句话的同时,也要承认,“一党执政”也不是万能的。我只是很奇怪,为什么民主制度在中国就是“不是万能的”,而专制制度就变成了“虽然有很多缺点,但目前总体还是不错的”呢?嘛,也许是吾太笨了,理解不了。其实吾只想借用田中的话,虽然不是万能,但至少是目前比较好的一种制度。其实民主,不需要多高的素质,不需要多少知识,只需要一点责任感,我们每个人都必须为自己负责,不是把责任和权利都推给一个伟大的领导者,而是自己为自己做主。说起来,在这个方面,牵涉面最广的政治,和最最独立的研究个体的心理学,得到的结论却是惊人的一致。其实你会发现,从这个角度去思考,集体和个人并不是完全矛盾的,而是如此的统一。

扯了那么远,说实话吾不想多扯民主,免得被人说崇洋媚外不切实际。不过吾还是觉得民主最大的好处就是犯了错不能把责任推到别人身上去,就像希特勒统治下的德国,其实是最民主的国家,所以这个错误不应当由希特勒一个人承担,而是由整个德国民族来反思。同样的,伊拉克战争,民众也不能把责任全部推到小布什身上去,因为是民众投票选了这个总统上台的。说的更玄一点,就是神棍所说的,众生造业,众生承担,笑。

不过有的时候真的会想农场的以后会怎么样呢,其实作者这个结尾真的很妙。阿西莫夫的《基地》系列,哈里.谢顿的心理史学有一条是这么说的,虽然人类学了那么多年的历史,但总结历史,人类从历史里学到的东西几乎为零,也就是说,其实人不可能从历史里学到任何经验,同样的错误还是一直在犯,人群对同一刺激的反应不变,这就是心理史学得以实现的基础。而田中说,物换星移,只有人心是不变的。所以如果农场想要真正的解放的话,绝不可以打倒一个统治者,再重新拥护另一个统治者,所以老驴本杰明,永远只是在一边冷冷地看着。民主这东西,永远都不可能赐予,只有民众真正意识到他们需要它,这种制度才可以被建立。否则,统治者赐予的民主,永远也只是包着民主皮的更可怕的专制而已。“政治与我们无关”,鄙视并且抛弃政治的人,政治必将予以报复。

呃,MS还是扯远了,另外让我感触很深的就是那只马,拳击手,他的格言是,“拿破仑同志永远正确”和“我会更加努力工作”。什么叫“哀其不幸,恨其不争”,我想拳击手给我的感触用这8个字来形容真是再贴切不过了。我非常理解本杰明在拳击手被送去屠宰场的时候对着其他的动物的那种愤怒,还有他当时为何会一反常态那么激动地想去救拳击手,甚至可以理解他为何只愿意每个星期天跟拳击手一起去吃草却从不说话。我想本杰明要懂得修饰辞藻并且愿意说出他对拳击手的感想的话,估计也只能说一句“哀其不幸,恨其不争”。拳击手这种人(马)是很美好的,但是他越美好,就显得他越悲哀。他的智慧并不能跟他的勤劳成正比,他永远只能在最底层被人践踏践踏再践踏,连死都要为上位者去换取一顿丰盛的晚餐,可怜他还以为他们会大发慈悲送他进医院好让他颐养天年。这不正是我国2000多年最底层人民的写照么。

雪球也是一个很典型的例子,有人会说如果雪球能留下来会怎么样。嘛,如果我们假设一场意外而非阴谋夺去了拿破仑的生命,我们假设雪球的的确确是个为了人民为了同胞的好同志,假设他甚至实现了风车的理想。但那又怎么样呢,绝对的权利导致绝对的腐化,定律绝对不变。就算万一的万一,雪球到死都是个为了人民为了同胞的好同志好领导,那又怎么样?田中说,明君是民主的头号大敌。即便是最好最好的情况,雪球的每一位继任者都像他一样是个为了人民为了同胞的好同志好领导,那又会如何呢?毫无疑问,恭喜各位动物同胞,赫胥黎的美妙新世界正在向你们招手╮(╯_╰)╭

奥威尔还是赫胥黎,that is the question。

不过说实话,看到雪球,我老是会想到刘少奇,所以总是觉得蛮伤感的。毕竟它在牛棚战役里那么英勇,还被枪打伤。可是当人们不需要他的时候,他的死活也没谁管了,反正有倒霉事推到他身上去就够了,只要拿破仑永远是正确的就行了。所以我宁愿往好的方面想,雪球是个英雄,同时也是个被牺牲掉的英雄。

书中还有很多有趣的小细节,比如做什么都要来一句“感谢伟大的拿破仑同志”或者“伟大的拿破仑同志领导有方”,我想某个时期的中国人应该对这句话相当熟悉。

于是说今天就暂时写到这里,其实昨天晚上冒出来的念头还是很多的,只可惜吾那时候爬起来写东西一定会被爹娘暴揍,今天能记得的也就这么多了,就至此搁笔。感谢这本书带给我的启示与乐趣。
希望能解决您的问题。

‘伍’ 读英语小说动物庄园需要多少词汇量是不是需要背出托福词汇才可以还是四级水平就可以读了

怎么样在托福阅读中积累词汇?这是很多考生都会问的为题,因为在阅读中,我们会时常碰到一些陌生的不认识的词汇造成我们不能完全的理解文章,本文小编就来帮助大家解决这个问题,一起来看看怎么在托福阅读中存储词汇吧!
1. 单词题相关单词积累——有的放矢
根据上文所述,单词题是稳分及提高整体做题速度的关键,因此了解其规律及进行相应的总结是考生在储备单词过程中的第一大板块。
首先,词汇题目中所涉及的单词(文中词及选项词)均为平时英文学习中出现的高频基础单词,不考查专业性单词,因此考生在准备词汇题相关单词时不宜记忆过难的“稀有”专业词汇。其次,相对于其他题型而言,词汇题不仅比重大且具有高重复性,根据考题回顾可以总结及预见托福阅读所考查的单词题出自于TPO所考查过的单词。考生应根据个人情况从TPO单词题中总结出不熟悉及不会的词汇,在这个过程中,建议把单词题从文中孤立出来,即如遇模棱两可的单词也不要回文中顺句子意思。但凡遇到不能立刻选出正确答案的词汇题都应总结出原词及其对应答案,多加记忆,作为日后独一无二的备学资料。解决词汇题的最佳状态为不看文中句的情况下快速且正确的挑选答案,稳住正确率且不占用太多宝贵的时间。
2. 文中核心单词积累——全面撒网
影响句意理解的关键词汇并不是很多考生误解的“高逼格”词汇,而是同一类话题会涉及的基础性单词,例如地质类中的pore, aquifer, fracture,erode等。基础单词的缺失是英文阅读的致命点,反而基础单词认知能力的提高会自然而然的解决句中其他“难词”的障碍。对于托福阅读而言,考查重复文章的概率及可预见性较低,但是其考查话题及题材具有规律性,通常为生物科学,自然科学,社会科学三大类话题,主要包含动植物类,生态环境类,地质类,天文类,人类文明发展史等。
因此,最为快速直接高效的提高托福阅读所需的单词量的方法为根据不同话题题材从TPO中选取适当的阅读篇章根据自身情况进行生词查词总结。考生在遵循老师的指导下,不同题材可以选取2-3篇文章,总结此类题材的高频单词,查词过程中大写单词不必查出,阅读相关单词应侧重于辨识单词与其对应的中文意思。例如,地质类文章可以选取TPO12中的Water In The Desert及TPO15中的GlacierFormation等进行查词总结。

‘陆’ 动物庄园和一九八四比起来,哪部小说更有可读性

动物世界》与《1984》这两部巨着在文字的背后有着很多的共同点,比如它们都是在影射当时那个极为不公与混乱的时代,都是属于反乌托邦、反极权主义,要说这两本书哪一部更好这是一个没有定论的问题。就笔者而言,个人觉得《动物世界》要比《1984》更具有可读性,《1984》的故事让人读起来十分压抑,而《动物世界》的角度则让人更能快速地去适应那个环境。

《1984》毫无疑问是一部非常值得一读的小说,但是相较于《动物世界》,人们在阅读的过程中可能会感到格外的压抑,若不能迅速地去适应作者所描绘的那种世界,可能很快就会放弃阅读。而《动物世界》在这一点就做得很好,它以动物们的视角进行展开,这使得人们在阅读时更加的轻松,而作者想要表达的观点也更清晰。因此,虽然这两部作品都非常好,但就可读性而言,《动物世界》要更好。

‘柒’ 动物庄园一共有多少章

《动物庄园》(Animal Farm)亦译作《动物农场》、《动物农庄》,是英国作家乔治·奥威尔创作的中篇小说,1945年首次出版。

该作讲述农场的一群动物成功地进行了一场“革命”,将压榨他们的人类东家赶出农场,建立起一个平等的动物社会。然而,动物领袖,那些聪明的猪们最终却篡夺了革命的果实,成为比人类东家更加独裁和极权的统治者。[1]

该作被公认为反乌托邦政治讽喻寓言。

‘捌’ 急求一篇《动物庄园》的读后感

昨天晚上花了大约2个小时看完了乔治.奥威尔的《动物农场》,话说回来吾这个人就是这样,越是忙,就越希望画点时间静下来看看书。《动物农场》非常薄,加上吾本身看书就很快,于是很快就把它看完了,这时候吾倒是有点后悔那么快就看完了它,这本很薄很薄的小说还是需要多花点时间来品位,看一段,停一停,想一想。不过我想往后,我大约会隔一段时间就把它拿出来再读一下,温故而知新。

对这本书和作者都算是慕名已久,买回家垫书橱也有了蛮长时间,我想要不是我最近精神处在相当不稳定的状态,估计这本书还会被吾束之高阁很久。想想我大概有几百年没写过读书笔记了,想想自己以前记的日记,虽然现在看来可能内容很幼稚,不过到底记录的是吾的真情实感,还是平时的一些读书感想之类了。果然人有了一些想法之后,还是要及时记录下来的比较好,否则也许就有很多小小的灵感的火花,就这么从脑子里溜走了。话说吾现在看吾以前记的看霹雳时候的笔记,虽然大部分都是吐槽,不过有些话吾还是蛮惊讶居然是从吾的嘴里说出来的OTL

好了,扯远了,拽回来。先是照旧来简介一下奥威尔这本书,有一个农场里的动物,天天都为农场主干活,但是得到的报酬却很少,可以果腹而已。有一天一头老公猪(老少校)把它们召集起来,告诉它们你们应该站起来反抗农场主,应该得到自由的生活。动物们都群情激愤,个个摩拳擦掌,唱着革命的歌曲《英格兰的生灵》,想象着赶走农场主,想象着以后的好日子。革命很快并且很轻易地成功了,后来又发生了一场“牛棚战役”,奠定了革命的果实,动物农场建立,并且颁布了《七戒》,成为农场的法律。庄园有两只猪雪球和拿破仑作为领导者。但是不久拿破仑用它养的9只凶悍的狼犬(一时间吾想到了八津蛮= =)赶走了雪球,并在以后的时间把所有的罪责都推到他身上,把它宣传成农场的敌人。最后猪们成了农场的领导阶级,变得跟以前的农场主一样,甚至更凶残,而从前的七戒从无数次地偷偷修改,最后只剩下最后一条“所有动物一律平等,但有些动物比其他动物更平等”。最后小说在人与猪的脸逐渐切换与逐渐混淆不清中进入尾声。

说实在的,看赫胥黎的《美妙的新世界》,吾是感到一股从脚底窜出来的寒意,虽然当时吾可能并不明白也说不清楚那种感觉到底是什么,但总觉得很恐怖,跟看恐怖小说完全不同的那种更真实的恐怖。而看奥威尔的《动物农场》,则是先觉得好笑,又觉得心酸,最后觉得很悲哀。吾很清楚这本书是作者影射苏联写出来的,不过……笑……却简直是为中国,尤其是某一段时期的中国量身订做的……

于是来说几个印象比较深刻的动物……

首先是老少校,一般认为老少校隐喻的是列宁,我这里可以认为在中国可以投射到民国时期所有的革命先驱。说起来的,吾看书的时候真的很不HD地想,如果没有老少校出来告诉大家,其实我们可以有更好的生活,那就算每天只能得到仅仅可以果腹的口粮,那些动物大概也会觉得日子是可以过下去的吧……就好像从前无数个朝代的无数民众一样,除非日子是真的难堪到不造反就要饿死的地步,否则他们是绝对不会去造反的……这点上我国的普通老百姓的韧性真的是惊人的,实在是太惊人了……

我在豆瓣上看到不少评论,有人看了《动物农场》以后觉得政治真的是个很黑暗很龌龊很糟糕的东西,于是得出结论这玩意儿要不得,其实我觉得这是跟作者想传达的东西相悖了。我自己试着用杨威利的观点来看,从作者的背景和自己的理解来看,首先作者想要抨击的是集权社会的黑暗和弊端,这点是毋庸置疑的。但是作者并没有说政治就是坏的,实际上从本质来说,政治就是政治,没什么好和坏,好和坏的属性是人让政治染上的,不干政治什么事。而集权主义为什么是坏的,因为它让权力被集中在一个人或者某一特定阶层的手中。用田中的说法,一个人或者某一特定阶层,当它握有了绝对权力的时候,变质是必然的,无论当权的是拿破仑还是雪球,无论这个人或者阶层曾经是多么英明。绝对的权利导致绝对的腐化,这是历史的铁律。而为什么会产生集权呢,就好像小小的杨问父亲“既然鲁道夫大帝那么坏,为什么人民还会把权力交到他的手上呢”,杨爸爸回答“因为民众是懒惰的”。是啊,因为人民永远都会期盼一个英雄来带领着他们走向美好的新世界,他们不必思考,不必负责任,反正跟着英雄走就对了嘛。没有了老少校,还会有雪球,没了雪球还会有拿破仑,没了拿破仑谁知道是谁呢,反正总会有个人来带领大家,虽然日子很苦,至少权利是属于每个动物的,每个动物都是自由的,都是为了自己工作的。走错了路,反正错误是领导犯的嘛,跟自己没关系,打倒一个再拥护一个就够了嘛。所以说,民众和英雄是互相牺牲的,在《动物农场》里主要表现民众被领导牺牲,在霹雳和银英里主要表现英雄被民众牺牲。

再回到《动物农场》说,农场里的动物,有的很笨,像拳击手,连26个字母都认不全,所以他们的知情权被垄断了。总有一个人来告诉他们(在小说中是一只叫吱嘎的猪),你们多么愚蠢,“上面”的人做的决定都是为了全农场的动物着想,但是你们那单纯的脑瓜无法理解他们伟大的构想,所以你们只要跟着拿破仑就对了,拿破仑都是为你们好。于是这时候我们能用心理学的观点来看一下,虽然说拿破仑颁布的一些条规,还有吱嘎说的增加了多少多少产量的数据,很多动物都觉得不对劲,但是他们最终还是觉得自己的感觉是错的,拿破仑的感觉才是对的,于是他们就不再反抗(嘛,狼犬的牙也不容他们反抗),继续乖乖做着升斗小民,虽然供应的粮食还是越来越少……这里,这些动物是将拿破仑赋予他们的感觉,代替了他们自己的感觉,因为他们太笨了,所以他们的感觉就是不对的,拿破仑聪明,所以他的感觉才是对的。但心理学上讲,无论怎样,别人的感觉无法代替你的,你觉得食物少了就是少了,不会因为你笨食物就多出来,因为你自己的感觉永远都是最正确最能反映你真实需求的。其他人(动物),即使他再聪明,再为你好,他也不应该,更不可能代替你的感觉。

于是这边就来说到一个以前经常提到的问题,民主和素质。在中国,永远不会缺少这样一种声音,“在中国不能搞民主,因为中国人的素质还达不到那个高度”,那么好,提高素质靠什么呢,答,靠教育。那我们的教育给了我们什么呢,答,奴性。说句不好听的,我们的国家,古往今来,一直到现在,2000多年都在传授什么,答,顺从。于是,有垮掉的80后,90后,我们的民族性和素质不但没有进步,甚至还在倒退。(再说句实话,如果我是皇帝,我也不希望我的臣民太聪明。)嗯,于是,我们的笨脑瓜,还是无法理解伟大领袖的伟大构想,民主么,自然是不能搞,就只能更加紧密地跟随在党的领导下,就像4个小星星围绕在党的大星星周围。为啥不能是大星星围绕小星星呢?没办法,咱太笨了,还是一切跟从拿破仑同志的脚步为好。

在中国,这是一个永恒的恶性循环。当然有无数人跟我说,“民主不是万能的”,西方国家也有各种各样的问题。这是必然的,因为根本就没有一种制度是万能,在承认这句话的同时,也要承认,“一党执政”也不是万能的。我只是很奇怪,为什么民主制度在中国就是“不是万能的”,而专制制度就变成了“虽然有很多缺点,但目前总体还是不错的”呢?嘛,也许是吾太笨了,理解不了。其实吾只想借用田中的话,虽然不是万能,但至少是目前比较好的一种制度。其实民主,不需要多高的素质,不需要多少知识,只需要一点责任感,我们每个人都必须为自己负责,不是把责任和权利都推给一个伟大的领导者,而是自己为自己做主。说起来,在这个方面,牵涉面最广的政治,和最最独立的研究个体的心理学,得到的结论却是惊人的一致。其实你会发现,从这个角度去思考,集体和个人并不是完全矛盾的,而是如此的统一。

扯了那么远,说实话吾不想多扯民主,免得被人说崇洋媚外不切实际。不过吾还是觉得民主最大的好处就是犯了错不能把责任推到别人身上去,就像希特勒统治下的德国,其实是最民主的国家,所以这个错误不应当由希特勒一个人承担,而是由整个德国民族来反思。同样的,伊拉克战争,民众也不能把责任全部推到小布什身上去,因为是民众投票选了这个总统上台的。说的更玄一点,就是神棍所说的,众生造业,众生承担,笑。

不过有的时候真的会想农场的以后会怎么样呢,其实作者这个结尾真的很妙。阿西莫夫的《基地》系列,哈里.谢顿的心理史学有一条是这么说的,虽然人类学了那么多年的历史,但总结历史,人类从历史里学到的东西几乎为零,也就是说,其实人不可能从历史里学到任何经验,同样的错误还是一直在犯,人群对同一刺激的反应不变,这就是心理史学得以实现的基础。而田中说,物换星移,只有人心是不变的。所以如果农场想要真正的解放的话,绝不可以打倒一个统治者,再重新拥护另一个统治者,所以老驴本杰明,永远只是在一边冷冷地看着。民主这东西,永远都不可能赐予,只有民众真正意识到他们需要它,这种制度才可以被建立。否则,统治者赐予的民主,永远也只是包着民主皮的更可怕的专制而已。“政治与我们无关”,鄙视并且抛弃政治的人,政治必将予以报复。

呃,MS还是扯远了,另外让我感触很深的就是那只马,拳击手,他的格言是,“拿破仑同志永远正确”和“我会更加努力工作”。什么叫“哀其不幸,恨其不争”,我想拳击手给我的感触用这8个字来形容真是再贴切不过了。我非常理解本杰明在拳击手被送去屠宰场的时候对着其他的动物的那种愤怒,还有他当时为何会一反常态那么激动地想去救拳击手,甚至可以理解他为何只愿意每个星期天跟拳击手一起去吃草却从不说话。我想本杰明要懂得修饰辞藻并且愿意说出他对拳击手的感想的话,估计也只能说一句“哀其不幸,恨其不争”。拳击手这种人(马)是很美好的,但是他越美好,就显得他越悲哀。他的智慧并不能跟他的勤劳成正比,他永远只能在最底层被人践踏践踏再践踏,连死都要为上位者去换取一顿丰盛的晚餐,可怜他还以为他们会大发慈悲送他进医院好让他颐养天年。这不正是我国2000多年最底层人民的写照么。

雪球也是一个很典型的例子,有人会说如果雪球能留下来会怎么样。嘛,如果我们假设一场意外而非阴谋夺去了拿破仑的生命,我们假设雪球的的确确是个为了人民为了同胞的好同志,假设他甚至实现了风车的理想。但那又怎么样呢,绝对的权利导致绝对的腐化,定律绝对不变。就算万一的万一,雪球到死都是个为了人民为了同胞的好同志好领导,那又怎么样?田中说,明君是民主的头号大敌。即便是最好最好的情况,雪球的每一位继任者都像他一样是个为了人民为了同胞的好同志好领导,那又会如何呢?毫无疑问,恭喜各位动物同胞,赫胥黎的美妙新世界正在向你们招手╮(╯_╰)╭

奥威尔还是赫胥黎,that is the question。

不过说实话,看到雪球,我老是会想到刘少奇,所以总是觉得蛮伤感的。毕竟它在牛棚战役里那么英勇,还被枪打伤。可是当人们不需要他的时候,他的死活也没谁管了,反正有倒霉事推到他身上去就够了,只要拿破仑永远是正确的就行了。所以我宁愿往好的方面想,雪球是个英雄,同时也是个被牺牲掉的英雄。

书中还有很多有趣的小细节,比如做什么都要来一句“感谢伟大的拿破仑同志”或者“伟大的拿破仑同志领导有方”,我想某个时期的中国人应该对这句话相当熟悉。

于是说今天就暂时写到这里,其实昨天晚上冒出来的念头还是很多的,只可惜吾那时候爬起来写东西一定会被爹娘暴揍,今天能记得的也就这么多了,就至此搁笔。感谢这本书带给我的启示与乐趣。

‘玖’ 跪求动物庄园读后感(animal farm)

Old Major preaching to the animals: Marx and Engels Communist doctrine and propaganda in the country, in its earliest form under the influence of a group of communists.
"Four legs good, two legs bad", "All animals are comrades": international communism of Marx and Engels called for the world proletariat to unite the slogan.
"Beast of England" and its repercussions: in 1848, the failure of European workers in the revolutionary / socialist factions in the late 19th century Czarist Russia's actions.
Chapter II
Napoleon, Snowball the development of animal doctrine: the development of Marxism-Leninism and the Reality of / Soviet development.
Mr. Jones's dilemma: Tsarist Russia can not extricate themselves involved in a war.
Animals rebel: anarchist-style revolution in February.
7 Commandments of Writing: Revolution / Soviet Union (Bolshevik) and the establishment.
Chapter III
Forage harvest: the Soviet Union's first Five-Year Plan / Lenin's "new economic policy."
The establishment of various committees: "Soviet" establishment.
Chapter IV
The spread of Animal Farm fame: after the October Revolution to the early 20th century, Western countries 20, the fear of the Soviet Union.
"Cow war": eliminate Belarus, against the West (including Poland) to interfere.
Chapter V
Improving proction tools: the Soviet Union second, third, two five-year plan to transform the Soviet economy.
Snowball's vision and windmill plans: Trotsky's socialist ideology of global revolution.
9 dog training: The House People's Committee / KGB to establish. Learn from Nazi Germany: Gestapo.
Expulsion of Snowball: Stalin came to power on the Trotsky / Trotskyism censorship.
Chapter VI
Windmill construction: economic development, heavy instrial / neglect on the light. (Note: the construction of windmill symbolizes the results of the Soviet Union.)
Whimple arrival: the Soviet Union by George Bernard Shaw and other Western writers to convey information and a degree of reconciliation.
Pig's pleasure: the (predicted) level of corruption the Soviet Union.
Windmill destruction: (Germany): Capitol burned. / The Soviet Union's economic crisis.
Chapter VII
Famine: Soviet collectivization of agriculture on agricultural damage.
Chicken of the rebel / forced to sell eggs: the brutal torture of Soviet laborers (work hard).
Critical Snowball: cleaning Trotskyist continued.
Holocaust: Stalin's Purges movement.
"Beast of England" proscribed: the Soviet / Nazi altered the theory of socialism.
Chapter VIII
Tampering with the "Seven Commandments": tampering theory of socialism.
Maney muses of poetry: on Stalin's personality cult.
Incitement of the Snowball / human fear: States used political tactics: the fear of the enemy through (xenophobia) to divert public attention.
Sell wood: (English and French), "Munich Agreement" / "Non-Aggression Pact Soviet Union and Germany."
Sell wood deceived: Germany tore up, "the Soviet-German non-aggression Treaty."
Relations with other manor: the late thirties the 20th century pattern of international politics.
On Frederick's battle: the Great Patriotic War the Soviet Union ring World War II.
Pig drinking: the Soviet Union more high-level corruption.
Chapter IX
Crow "Moses" The Return: The Soviet Union religious deregulation.
Baucus injured / killed: the difficulties of life after the war the Soviet people.
Increase the number of pigs and dogs: the expansion of the Soviet Union the number of senior staff.
Chapter X
Pig tampering "Animal" theories / pig into a person: (predicted) will lay down the Soviet Union "socialist" in the skin, so that the legalization of exploitation.
Pig and human settlement / human - pig dinner: American and Soviet wartime cooperation / Tehran Conference
[Edit this section] famous
"Four legs good two legs bad"
"All animals are comrades"
"All animals are born equal, but some animals are more equal than other animals"

文章的中文
老麦泽向动物传道:马克思、恩格斯创立共产主义学说,并在各国宣传,在其影响下形成了最早的一批共产主义者。
“四条腿好,两条腿坏”、“所有动物都是同志”:马克思恩格斯国际共产主义、号召全世界无产者联合起来的口号。
“英格兰兽”及其反响:1848年,失败的欧洲工人革命/19世纪末沙俄各派社会主义者的行动。
第二章
拿破仑、斯诺鲍发展动物主义:列宁发展马克思主义并将其现实化/苏共的发展。
琼斯先生的困境:沙俄卷入一战无法自拔。
动物造反:无政府主义式的二月革命。
七诫的书写:十月革命/苏共(布)的建立。
第三章
收割牧草:苏联的第一个五年计划/列宁的“新经济政策”。
各个委员会的成立:“苏维埃”的成立。
第四章
动物庄园声名的传播:十月革命后到20世纪20年代初西方各国对苏俄的恐惧。
“牛棚大战”:肃清白俄,反对西方(包括波兰)干涉。
第五章
改进生产工具:苏联第二、第三两个五年计划中对苏联经济结构的改造。
斯诺鲍的理想和风车计划:托洛斯基的社会主义思想和全球革命论。
九只狗的培养:内务人民委员会/克格勃的建立。借鉴纳粹德国:盖世太保。
驱逐斯诺鲍:斯大林上台后对托洛斯基/托派的封杀。
第六章
风车建设:经济建设中的重工业化/对轻工业的忽视。(注:风车象征着苏联的建设成果。)
温普尔的到来:苏联通过萧伯纳等作家传达信息与西方一定程度的和解。
猪的享乐化:(预言)苏联高层的腐化。
风车被毁:(德国):国会大厦被烧。/苏联的经济危机。
第七章
饥荒:苏联的农业集体化对农业的损害。
鸡的造反/被逼出售鸡蛋:苏联对劳改犯的残酷折磨(苦工)。
批判斯诺鲍:清洗托派的继续。
大屠杀:斯大林的肃反运动。
“英格兰兽”的被禁:苏联/纳粹窜改社会主义学说。
第八章
篡改“七诫”:篡改社会主义学说。
梅尼缪斯的诗歌:对斯大林的个人崇拜。
煽动对斯诺鲍/人类的恐惧心理:各国常用政治手腕:通过对敌人的恐惧(xenophobia)来转移舆论注意力。
出卖木料:(英法)《慕尼黑协定》/《苏德互不侵犯条约》。
出卖木料被骗:德国撕毁《苏德互不侵犯条约》。
与其它庄园的关系:20世纪三十年代后期的国际政治格局。
对弗雷德里克的战斗:二战中苏联的卫国战争。
猪的饮酒:苏联高层的更加腐化。
第九章
乌鸦“摩西”的归来:苏联对宗教管制的放松。
鲍克斯的受伤/被杀:战后苏联人民生活的困难。
猪狗数量的增长:苏联高层人员数目的膨胀。
第十章
猪篡改“动物主义”理论/猪变成人:(预言)苏联将放下“社会主义”的表皮,使剥削合法化。
猪和人类的和解/人—猪宴会:英美和苏联的战时合作/德黑兰会议
[编辑本段]名言
“四条腿好两条腿坏”
“所有动物都是同志”
“所有动物生来平等,但有些动物比其他动物更平等”

‘拾’ 动物庄园读后感100字

小说非常的短,很快就看完了。小说通过讲述一个原本由人掌管的农场里的动物从起义到最后动物们被猪奴役的故事来讽刺其当下所处的社会。小说中的斯诺鲍、拿破仑、斯奎拉、本杰明、鲍克瑟、莫丽属于比较有代表性的角色,分别暗示了社会中的不同群体。
自由到底是什么?我们当然希望当下的苟且能有所改变,就如琼斯农场里的动物,会在有着理论指导的前提下起义,为自己和同伴争取更多的权益与自由。我们会憎恨拿破仑猪的背叛,会嘲笑莫丽的自甘堕落,会叹息鲍克瑟的愚昧,会谴责本杰明的不作为,但这不就是各种人性得体现吗,它们都在以某种并不光彩的方法,追寻着自己所需要的自由。自由,关乎于环境,更存在于内心。我们大多数人并没有处于一个十分黑暗的时代,那么对于我们,所谓的自由更多的将来源于内心的感受,来源于每天与自己的对话。所以,愿所有人能被这个时代温柔以待,同时能在自己的内心深处为自己埋下一颗积极健康的自由种子,为自己留一束自由希望之光,切勿将自己谋杀于阴暗之处。

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